how to reference a lab manual in a lab report

how to reference a lab manual in a lab report

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how to reference a lab manual in a lab reportWithout javascript some functions will not work, including question submission via the form. The rules for in-text citations will be the same. If a department prepared the manual, use it for the name in the citation. Lab handbook. School or organization associated with manual. Organization location. Manual date (use n.d. if no date available). Medium of publication. Lab handbook. College of the Mainland. Texas City. 2014. Print. Send us your question. Login to LibApps. By using our site, you agree to our cookie policy.Learn why people trust wikiHow The format and specific information included in your citation will differ depending on the citation style you're using.An APA citation normally starts with the name of the author of the reference being cited. However, if you're citing to a lab manual, you'll use the name of the university department for which the lab manual was created instead.Immediately after the name of the department (in place of the author's name), write the year the lab manual was used, followed by a comma. The name of the semester should be capitalized.Immediately after the date information, put the title of the lab manual using sentence case. Only capitalize the first word and any proper nouns in the title. If the course name is included, use the same capitalization as used in the course catalogue.For the next part of your citation, include the city and state or province where the university is located, then a colon followed by the name of the university. Do not use abbreviations for either the location or the name of the university.If the lab manual is available online, such as from a website for the course, end your citation with the URL where the lab manual can be found.In addition to your bibliography, you also must provide in-text citations at the end of any sentence that directly references or quotes from the lab manual.http://www.deco-interieure.com/userfiles/fox-shox-user-manual.xml

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Generally, in ACS style you treat a lab manual as a book that was authored by the instructor of the class in which the lab manual was used. Use the professor's last name, followed by their middle initial.Write the title of the lab manual in title-case, capitalizing all words except conjunctions, articles, and prepositions. Place a semi-colon after the title.Since the instructor is employed by the university where they teach, the university is placed in the position where you would normally list the publisher. Use the full name of the university without abbreviations.Following the colon, provide the city and state or province where the university is located.Consider the year the lab manual was used to be the year it was published. You'll typically find the year on the cover or first page of the lab manual.Depending on the style of in-text citations you're using, you may be using end notes rather than a separate bibliography of references. If your citations are end notes, you may need to pinpoint the specific page referenced.Under ACS style, there are 3 possible ways to cite your references in text.If using superscript numbers, your end notes would include specific page numbers where necessary. These are placed inside any punctuation. These also refer to end notes, which would include specific page numbers where necessary. When using this method, your citation would not necessarily include specific page numbers. Instead, you'd note the page number within the parenthetical citation if necessary. There are 3 acceptable style variations in CSE: the name-year or Harvard style, the citation-sequence or Vancouver style, and the citation-name style.This is the method preferred by the CSE, so use it if you have no other guidance. The citations in your reference list are ordered by their first mention in your paper or report. For a lab manual, the author typically is the professor or instructor of the class in which the manual is used.http://hevolta.com/upload/hotel-operations-manual.xml Start with their last name, then a comma and their first and middle initials. Capitalize initials with no periods or spaces.If you're using the Harvard style, the author's name is followed by the year of publication. This is typically the year in which the lab manual was used.The title of the lab manual follows either the author's name (Vancouver) or the year of publication (Harvard). Use sentence-case, capitalizing only the first word and any proper nouns in the title. Capitalize course names or abbreviations as they appear.For a lab manual, the university where the instructor or professor teaches is typically considered the publisher. Provide the city where the university is located, followed by the state or province in parentheses. Place a colon after the location information, then provide the name of the university. Close with a period for Harvard style.If you're using either the Vancouver or citation-name style, you still need to include the year the lab manual was published.This article has been viewed 72,628 times.Next, identify the year and semester that the manual was used in parentheses, place a comma in between, and then place a period after the closed parentheses. Next, list the title of the manual and place a period after the title. Then, write the location and name of the university and follow with a period. Finally, if the lab manual is available online, add the URL to the website. For more guidance, including how to cite for ACS and CSE styles, keep reading! By continuing to use our site, you agree to our cookie policy. Please help us continue to provide you with our trusted how-to guides and videos for free by whitelisting wikiHow on your ad blocker. If you really can’t stand to see another ad again, then please consider supporting our work with a contribution to wikiHow. Without javascript some functions will not work, including question submission via the form. Published titles will have a publication information listed on the title page.https://www.becompta.be/emploi/3m-mp8745-manual Here are the basics: Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date. College Publishing, 2017. If a department prepared the manual, use it for the name in the citation. Here are the basics. Description of document (e.g., flyer, leaflet, memo or handout). Lab handbook. If the experiment is its own section or chapter, then you would treat it like a chapter in a book. Then proceed on with the rest of the citation.How do you do in-text citation of the manual. Just cite the department. For example, would I use (Math and Physics Department 54) in the parenthetical. It depends on how you've cited the manual in works cited page. You in text citation is just a reference to the works cited page If you have cited the Math and Physics department as the author of the lab manual, then you in text citation above should be correct.Report a tech support issue. Library Staff Login. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.Click on the tab for the source you want to cite for examples. Use initials for first and middle names, with no periods after the initials and no space between them. No commas between the lane name and the initials. If a work has two to ten authors, list all of their names with commas between them.Do not underline or italicize the book title; no quotation marks around article titles. Omit the word the and of; do not use apostrophes. Capitalize all the words or abbreviated words in the title; do not underline or italicize the title. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.To find out ask your lecturer or tutor. You can find these manuals on the shelves in UTAS Library branches. To locate these books please refer to the other pages in this guide. All services are available, and your order will be returned on time.http://curabona.com/images/bridgeport-cnc-manuals.pdfIn this installment, we shift the focus to lab report formatting and the overall organization of information. In Part Three, we will discuss the typical citation style of lab reports. While authors of scientific papers have a bit more leeway when it comes to overall organization, they should try to incorporate elements of the following lab report format into their finished product. This page should be very informative and should stand out, perhaps by including a sentence that summarizes your results. The cover page is initially the most viewed portion of your report. This page may be looked at by many scientists, so be sure it includes the right amount of information. In the second section of the introduction, describe some specific questions you have chosen to study, but write about them in a general way. The details pertaining to those questions will be written about in the Methods or Results section later. Some lab reports require this and some do not, so check with your professor. If certain details are cited as having been done before by other scientists or are referenced in your lab manual, you can refer the reader to these sources rather than re-writing the entire description, remembering to cite them properly according to the style guide you are using (e.g., the Council of Science Editors' Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers ). If you are referring to a method in which something has been changed, however, you must address this properly within the text by thoroughly explaining the change in this section. For example, give accurate descriptions of measurements, times, and expected results. For example, indicate what a table is going to demonstrate and summarize the significant data it contains before displaying the table. The same holds true for figures and other types of charted information. Remember to remain focused and organized here to ensure clarity.https://discoveryenglish.org/wp-content/plugins/formcraft/file-upload/server/content/files/162877b10e5377---cakewalk-sonar-x2-manual.pdf Remember to be consistent and use the least amount of words necessary to convey your statistics. Only the important points of each table or figure need to be briefly explained in the normal text. Leave the details to the charts. Here are a few guidelines: Remember to reference these studies using proper citations within the body of the text and in the APA References page at the end of your report. This is then expanded upon in your References section. This is a must whenever you cite a source within the body of text so the reader knows immediately where you acquired your information. Remember, this is not a bibliography, which would involve listing books and other works you reviewed but did not find necessary to include in your report because they did not specifically pertain to your study. Therefore, a References section includes only those works you refer to in the text itself. New York: Academia Press. Format varies slightly when citing journals and websites; refer to your style manual for specifics. Keep in mind that referencing format differs according to the many style manuals used in the world of publishing (e.g., APA, Chicago Manual of Style, CSE), so it is wise to be clear about the particular format and style guide you are using. Check with the journal or professor you are submitting your work to for their specific requirements. An appendix lists your raw data—that is, your calculations that lead you to your conclusions—or any graphs or charts used but that are not necessary to include in the body of the text. Each type of item should be included in a separate appendix (i.e., Appendix A, Appendix B).Placing the appendices on separate pages will not interfere with the clarity and conciseness of your report. These works should also be referred to on a separate page, but should be cited in the same style as your earlier References section. For example: New York: Global Press, p. 9. You want readers to believe in your ability and the knowledge you have gained.www.daynapidhoresky.com/ckfinder/userfiles/files/commercial-bank-examination-manual-2012.pdf A lab report or scientific paper illustrates all the hard work you have done; therefore, showcase that work in a well-written, professional style. If you have doubts about your lab report format, don't hesitate to submit your paper to our academic editors. APA rules and guidelines are published in the reference book The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. This article looks at what is involved in ensuring your writing adheres to APA style.However, proving your overall knowledge of the subject in question is just as important.Lab report citation style is the topic up for discussion in this part of our series.I need English editing and proofreading so that I sound like a native speaker.I need editing, copy editing, proofreading, a critiqueI have a resume, letter, email, or personal document that I need to have edited and proofread.Let our AI technology Recommend a Service for you. All services are available, and your order will be returned on time.In the first two parts of the article, we discussed how to write a lab report, scientific paper and lab report formatting, and general layout guidelines. A brief overview of the popular Council of Science Editors (CSE) style guide is also included. The 7th edition now covers all the sciences (not just biology and medical terminology, as in previous editions). The National Library of Medicine—Citing Medicine (and Recommended Formats) guide, which is published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, features more than 100 pages of concise formatting recommendations. Furthermore, if you're citing a website in a scientific paper, never assume the webmaster is the author of the webpage.https://www.davidwoodpersonnel.com/wp-content/plugins/formcraft/file-upload/server/content/files/162877b2806d2d---Cakewalk-sonar-x1-manual-pdf.pdf To help make things easier, we have briefly outlined some important tips from the National Library of Medicine—Citing Medicine (and Recommended Formats ) online guide: Therefore, always cite the source of an item, as in the case of journals with no print equivalent (for example, the Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences). The format of the item is less relevant than the source, whether it is a journal, monograph (complete book), or database. As with citing printed works, a serial or journal entry is listed differently than a book entry. Again, draw from the information available to you. This is important because many sites continue to be updated after the original publication date and because pages expire. Keep a copy (either printed or stored) of the site for future reference. An example of this is the website for the cardiology unit of a larger facility. When in doubt, cite the most organizationally specific part of the address you have accessed. If the only personal name listed is a copyright agent, use this name as the publisher. If no other names of persons are given and it seems the organization that developed the site is both author and publisher, it is considered appropriate to use the name of the organization in the publisher's position. Sometimes this is provided by the publisher (as in the case of a PDF file or for downloading purposes). Font, printer, and screen sizes vary, but this information about approximate length at least gives your readers a guideline. Let our editors help Submit your lab report or scientific paper to our academic editors today. However, proving your overall knowledge of the subject in question is just as important.Even if undertaken on a full-time basis, you will be committing several years of your life to a process with no certain outcome. Our editors explain what a thesis is and if it's right for you.I need English editing and proofreading so that I sound like a native speaker.https://www.budgetskemaet.dk/wp-content/plugins/formcraft/file-upload/server/content/files/162877b2f25a15---cakewalk-sonar-manual.pdfI need editing, copy editing, proofreading, a critiqueI have a resume, letter, email, or personal document that I need to have edited and proofread.Let our AI technology Recommend a Service for you. Use your judgment. For example, if you dedicate an entire paragraph to describing a method that is outlined in the lab manual, place only one citation at the end of the paragraph. The goal is to make it obvious to the reader where you are getting your material from. However, if you are citing numerous sources within one paragraph, you may need to place one or more citations at the end of each sentence. If you reference several sources within in one sentence, citations can even be placed in the middle of sentences. Even if the work is cited several times, it should only appear once in the Bibliography. The purpose of this committee was to provide some standardization in style and format across medical journals and to address some common ethical issues in medical research. A full description of this bibliographic format can be found online at. When placing a citation at the end of a sentence, place the period after the citation. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002. Adolescent pregnancy. 2nd ed. Wieczorek RR, editor. White Plains (NY): March of Dimes Education Services; 2001 Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113. The Washington Post. 2002 Aug 12;Sect. A:2 (col. 4). Available from:. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 25;347(4):284-7. They may need to include this material when writing about their studies. In-Text Citation When you include information from a lab manual in text, put a citation inside parentheses. Insert the name of the issuer of the manual, such as a company, a college department or an instructor's surname.www.dayiprofil.com/upload/files/commercial-bank-credit-policy-manual.pdf Add a comma and then list the publication year, such as: (Department of Physics, 2012). If you mention the issuer in text, omit the name from the parentheses. References Page Include the in-text citation on the References page. Begin with the name of the issuer of the manual, such as a company, a college department or an instructor. If it is an individual, list the last name, a comma and initials. Add a period. Insert the publication year within parentheses. Add a period. Next put the italicized title of the manual in sentence case with a period. Finish with the place of publication, a colon, the publisher and a period. For example: Department of Physics. (2012). Introductory physics handbook and lab manual (in italics). New York, NY: Best College. She has co-authored papers for Horizons Research, Inc.Sherwood has a Ph.D. in curriculum and instruction from the University at Albany. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.Download and install your own copy of ChemBioDraw for PC or Mac. Read about them here. What are some characteristics of a good lab report. Find tips and guidance here. What style should I use. Examples? Answers are here. Phrase describing the material, Year Laboratory notes for CH 203: Organic Chemistry Laboratory I, 2016. Presented at Concordia University, Montreal, QC, September 16, 2009. Report a tech support issue. Login to LibApps. Writing the lab report is an exercise that should help you in several ways. It will help you make sure you understand what you did in lab, and teach the basics of scientific and technical report writing. You are writing for your instructor, TA, and writing consultant. This is tricky, but you will develop the skills to accomplish this over the course of the semester. Others will be written by the lab group as a team. Because a group report represents all members of the team, and all members receive the same grade for the report, each group member should know what the report says and be able to discuss it. By repeating the process over and over, you will have the opportunity to incorporate your writing consultant's corrections and suggestions into each succeeding report. By the time you get to Lab 10, you will be an expert! If you have a lab on Tuesday, then your report is due online the following Monday at 11:59PM. On-time submission is essential. If reports are not submitted at the time due, they are late. A late report will be accepted by the TA and WC up to two weeks after its due date. An automatic ZERO will be received after that 2-week period. There will be no exceptions. To ensure this, students must adhere to the following formatting guidelines when authoring reports:The report will contain the following sections:What did you find out. What is its significance. What does it mean? What materials were used? How were they done? Explain any experimental difficulties. Are they labeled and clearly presented in the proper section, and are their important features explained in the text? Are the appropriate scientific terms used? Is the report proofread and presented neatly? Simply stated, the lab report is to be written in your own words. There are two major reasons for this:If you hand in passages copied directly from the manual or another student's paper, or downloaded from a web site, you will not learn what you need to know. Keep in mind that the author(s) of a report are expected to be able to explain the meaning of text and graphics that appear in the report. In academic or professional settings, this can have very serious consequences. (See NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering's Code of Conduct for further information.) At these times, put the information in your own words (paraphrase), and cite your source. If you need to use a direct quotation, then indicate the quotation with quotation marks in addition to citing the source. Use the comments and corrections made on your reports to improve your writing skills from week to week. Take advantage of the Writing Center (JAB 373), where trained writing consultants, are available to help you with correctly written English and with the specific requirements of lab reports. This help is available free of charge to all NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering students. If unwell, get tested and do not come to campus. View our latest COVID-19 updates.The purpose is to report on what you did, what you learned from an experiment and why the findings matter. These have their own purpose and conventions and are different from lab reports. Lab report structure Lab reports can vary in length and format. These range from a form to fill in and submit before leaving the lab, to a formal written report. However, they all usually follow a similar basic structure. Figures often include error bars where applicable discusses how results were analysed, including error analysis Title Abstract Introduction Method Results and analysis Discussion Conclusion References Appendices Check with your demonstrator or lecturer for specific requirements. PHS1022 Week 5 Laboratory The Period of a Simple Pendulum What results were obtained. What do these results mean. How do they answer the overall question or improve our understanding of the problem. The most important thing to remember when writing the abstract is to be brief and state only what is relevant. No extraneous information should be included. It also must be clear enough so someone who is unfamiliar with your experiment could understand why you did what you did, and the conclusions you reached, without needing to read the rest of the report. An abstract is usually only one paragraph (200-300 words max). It includes the procedure that was followed. This should be a report of what you actually did, not just what was planned. A typical procedure usually includes: How apparatus and equipment were set up (e.g. experimental set-up), usually including a diagram, A list of materials used, Steps used to collect the data, Any experimental difficulties encountered and how they were resolved or worked around. If any aspects of the experimental procedure were likely to contribute systematic error to the data and results, point this out in sufficient detail in this section. Rinse a burette with standardised NaOH (aq). Fill the burette to the 0.0ml marking with standardised NaOH (aq). Remember to take the reading from the centre of the meniscus, and from eye level. Record the actual reading in Table 1. Place a sheet of white paper under the burette. This is to make it easier to observe the colour change during the reaction. Place the conical flask onto the white paper. Lab report example Procedure The equipment was arranged as shown in Fig. 2. 25.0ml HCl (aq) was pipetted into a 100ml conical flask. A burette was clamped to a retort stand and filled with standardised NaOH (aq) and the initial measurement was recorded. The conical flask was placed below the burette, on top of a piece of white paper. Five drops of universal indicator solution were added to the flask. Figure 2. Experimental set-up for titration (taken from Carroll 2017) Your goal for this section should be to include enough detail for someone else to replicate what you did and achieve a similar outcome. You should also explain any modifications to the original process introduced during the experiment. While most science units require that you report in the passive voice, some require the active voice. Check your unit guide or talk to your unit coordinator. Instruction Your report Initiate the bicarbonate feed pump. We initiated the bicarbonate feed pump. (active voice) The bicarbonate feed pump was initiated. (passive voice) Each key measurement needs to be reported appropriately. Data are often presented in graphs, figures or tables. This section often also includes analysis of the raw data, such as calculations. In some disciplines the analysis is presented under its own heading, in others it is included in the results section. An analysis of the errors or uncertainties in the experiment is also usually included in this section. Tables, graphs and figures Most numerical data are presented using tables or graphs. These need to be labelled appropriately to clearly indicate what is shown. Titles and captions Tables should be labelled numerically as Table 1, Table 2, etc. Figure captions appear below the figure. For most experiments an error analysis is important, and errors should be included in tables and on graphs. Also, it is always best to draw figures yourself if you can. If you do use figures from another source, indicate in the citation whether you have modified it in any way. Data can be presented in other formats, such as images: Calculations When showing calculations, it is usual to show the general equation, and one worked example. Where a calculation is repeated many times, the additional detail is usually included in an appendix. Check the requirements given in your unit guide or lab manual, or ask your tutor if you are unsure where to place calculations. In some disciplines, if formulae are used, it is common to number them as equations: The purpose of such appendices is to present the data gathered and demonstrate the level of accuracy obtained. Error analysis As well as presenting the main findings of your experiment, it is important that you indicate how accurate your results are. This is usually done through determining the level of uncertainty. The sources of error that you need to consider will vary between experiments, but you will usually need to factor in both random and systematic errors. Your error analysis should identify the main causes of uncertainty in your measurements, note any assumptions, and show how you have calculated any error bars. Check with your demonstrator, tutor or lecturer if you are unsure about how to determine uncertainties or whether error bars are required for your experiment. Your discussion section should demonstrate how well you understand what happened in the experiment. You should: identify and comment on any trends you have observed compare the experimental results with any predictions identify how any sources of error might impact on the interpretation of your results suggest explanations for unexpected results, and where appropriate, suggest how the experiment could have been improved. The discussion example below is from a first-year Biology unit. The aim of this experiment was to identify decomposition rates of leaf breakdown to establish rates of energy transfer. However the two zones show no significant difference in leaf breakdown, although these results are non-conclusive due to the limitations of this experiment. The two zones of leaf decomposition were physically too close, and over the incubation period reeds were observed growing close to the limnetic zone. This may have negatively affected the accuracy of the results by reducing the differences in habitat at these sites, as seen in other experiments (Jones et al. 2017). The results also had large standard deviations, possibly due to these physical constraints or human error in weighing leaves. Further studies with more diverse zones and precise procedures should be undertaken in order to explore leaf decomposition and rates of energy transfer more effectively. Notice the order in which the components make up a coherent Discussion section. This type of conclusion can also be thought of as the sentence that answers the question “So what?”.